The first reference to this engaging animal dates back to 1520, from Antonio Pigafetta, chronicler to Ferdinand Magellan, who described it as a wild goose! It appears that, in the distant past, the penguin was a flying land bird related to petrels, which gradually ventured further out to sea in search of food. Over time, it stopped flying and adapted to aquatic life, developing a spindle-shaped body, spheniscus, webbed feet, and wings that evolved into flippers, much like fish fins.
There are 17 penguin species in the world, all found in the Southern Hemisphere. The northernmost is the Galápagos penguin, and the southernmost is the Emperor penguin, which lives on the Antarctic continent.
The Magellanic penguin can be observed from Tierra del Fuego up to Brazil (on the Atlantic side) and up to Peru (on the Pacific side). It reaches these distant regions after a migration of more than 6,000 kilometres toward warmer waters.